TL-WR1043ND router and Crazyradio dongle

I've tired to plug in Crazyradio USB dongle each time I want to play with Crazyflie Nano Quadcopter. But now I solved this problem with help of TL-WR1043ND router that has USB port and USB/IP that allows to share Crazyradio USB dongle over IP network.

To do this, you will need to run USB/IP server on the router and USB/IP client on the workstation, where you will run Crazyflie PC client.

1. Let's assume the router has address 192.168.1.1 and OpenWrt on it.

2. Install and setup USB/IP server.

2.1. Install required packages:

$ opkg install kmod-usb-core
$ opkg install usbip
$ opkg install usbip-server

2.2. Plug in and check Crazyradio dongle. You can do this with help of lsusb (from usbutils package) or manually:

$ cat /proc/bus/usb/devices

T:  Bus=01 Lev=01 Prnt=01 Port=00 Cnt=01 Dev#=  2 Spd=12   MxCh= 0
D:  Ver= 2.00 Cls=00(>ifc ) Sub=00 Prot=00 MxPS=64 #Cfgs=  1
P:  Vendor=1915 ProdID=7777 Rev= 0.52
S:  Manufacturer=Bitcraze
S:  Product=Crazyradio USB Dongle
S:  SerialNumber=6AAD8F29EB
C:* #Ifs= 1 Cfg#= 1 Atr=80 MxPwr=100mA
I:* If#= 0 Alt= 0 #EPs= 2 Cls=ff(vend.) Sub=ff Prot=00 Driver=(none)
E:  Ad=81(I) Atr=02(Bulk) MxPS=  64 Ivl=0ms
E:  Ad=01(O) Atr=02(Bulk) MxPS=  64 Ivl=0ms
...

2.3. List devices available for USB/IP and check for Crazyradio:

$ usbip list -l 

Local USB devices
=================
- busid 1-1 (1915:7777)
1-1:1.0 -> unknown

2.4. The final step you will do with the router is to bind the Crazyradio USB dongle to the USB/IP service to share it over the network:

$ usbip bind -b 1-1 

bind device on busid 1-1: complete 

Where 1-1 can be whichever bus your device is connected to. It should tell you whether the operation is successful.

2.5. After you successfully bind the dongle to USB/IP service, start the server as daemon using command:

$ usbipd -D

usbipd: info: starting usbipd (usbip-utils 1.1.1)
usbipd: info: listening on 0.0.0.0:3240

Make sure the system is listening on TCP port 3240:

$ netstat -an

and looking for an entry like "0.0.0.0:3240" in the upper part of the output.

3. Install and setup USB/IP client.

3.1 I had a problem with Ubuntu, since usbip was disabled in the latest Ubuntu kernel configs. To fix this you can install a .deb from Debian repos  which apparently installs the .ko files and the updated userspace binaries. You will also need to load vhci-hcd module:

$ sudo modprobe vhci-hcd

3.2. Once you have USB/IP client, list the devices:

$ usbip list -r 192.168.1.1

Exportable USB devices
======================
 - 192.168.1.1
        1-1: Nordic Semiconductor ASA : unknown product (1915:7777)
           : /sys/devices/platform/ehci-platform/usb1/1-1
           : (Defined at Interface level) (00/00/00)
           :  0 - Vendor Specific Class / Vendor Specific Subclass / unknown protocol (ff/ff/00)

3.3. If you found the USB bus number you are interested in, say 1-1 in previous examples, go attach it by invoking:

$ sudo usbip attach -h 192.168.1.1 -b 1-1

3.4. Check client logs:

[  223.663627] usb 3-1: new full-speed USB device number 2 using vhci_hcd
[  223.775377] usb 3-1: SetAddress Request (2) to port 0
[  223.830212] usb 3-1: New USB device found, idVendor=1915, idProduct=7777
[  223.830223] usb 3-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=29
[  223.830230] usb 3-1: Product: Crazyradio USB Dongle
[  223.830235] usb 3-1: Manufacturer: Bitcraze
[  223.830239] usb 3-1: SerialNumber: 6AAD8F29EB

and server logs:

usbipd: info: connection from 192.168.1.188:60648
usbipd: info: received request: 0x8003(4)
usbipd: info: found requested device: 1-1
usbipd: info: request 0x8003(4): complete

3.5. Once this is done let's look up what USB devices are physically attached to the host:

$ usbip list -l

Local USB devices
=================
 - busid 9-1 (1915:7777)
         9-1:1.0 -> unknown
...

3.6. Once you done with Crazyflie, detach your device using the following command:

$ sudo usbip detach <PORT>

4. Run Crazyflie PC client and select proper USB device.

Build firmware from scratch for TL-WR1043ND

Simple steps to build own firmware from scratch for TL-WR1043ND router:

1. Download latest stable OpenWrt sources:
   
   $ mkdir openwrt && cd openwrt
   $ svn co svn://svn.openwrt.org/openwrt/branches/backfire
   
   You can also use svn://svn.openwrt.org/openwrt/trunk/ to get latest unstable version.
   
2. Check and install required dependencies:
   
   $ cd backfire
   $ make defconfig
   
3. Update and install application packages:
   
   $ svn up
   $ ./scripts/feeds update -a
   $ ./scripts/feeds install -a
   
4. Configure new firmware for your needs:
   
   $ make menuconfig
   
   Set "Target system" as "Atheros AR71xx" and "Target profile" as "TP-LINK TL-WR1043ND v1". From this point you can also add/remove any additional packages that you would like to include to your firmware, e.g. usbip.
   
5. Build (this can take a while):
   
   $ make

Once build process has been finished you can find the firmware in the bin directory.

Unbrick TL-WR1043ND router

I was trying to switch from DD-WRT firmware to OpenWrt and accidentally bricked my TL-WR1043ND router. The only way to fix it was by using serial console and load new firmware manually.

1. Open the case and connect to the serial port (in my case I was using Propeller Plug as part of the serial cable):

2. Once this is done, you will need to connect to any LAN port and connect the power supply.

3. Now setup TFTP server with an address 192.168.0.5 (configurable with setenv command, printenv first if unsure):

$ dnsmasq --enable-tftp --tftp-root=<FIRMWARE_BIN_DIR>

where FIRMWARE_BIN_DIR is a directory with firmware.

4. Connect to the router serial port:

$ screen /dev/<SERIAL_DEVICE> 115200,-parenb,-cstopb,cs8

where SERIAL_DEVICE is your serial device, e.g. /dev/ttyUSB0. If everything was connected properly, you will see something like this:

No valid address in Flash. Using fixed address
: cfg1 0xf cfg2 0x7114
eth0 up
eth0
Autobooting in 1 seconds

5. Type and hit enter the following command to get into command prompt during this 1 second period:

tpl

6. Copy and load firmware:

> erase 0xbf020000 +<FIRMWARE_BIN_SIZE>
> tftpboot 0x81000000 <FIRMWARE_BIN_FILE>
> cp.b 0x81000000 0xbf020000 <FIRMWARE_BIN_SIZE>
> bootm 0xbf020000

where FIRMWARE_BIN_FILE (e.g. wr1043nv1.bin)  is the file name of the firmware from the FIRMWARE_BIN_DIR directory, and FIRMWARE_BIN_SIZE (e.g. 7c0000) is the size of this file.

7. Close the case.

UPDATE: TP-LINK firmware, OpenWrt firmware.

TL-WR1043ND and IPTV/UDP multicast

Let's assume the router is powered by DD-WRT with the address 192.168.1.1.

1. Connect to router, e.g. telnet 192.168.1.1.
2. Download udpxy for Atheros processors (see "CPU Model" on "Status > Router"):

$ wget http://xkr446.hotbox.ru/udpxy -P /tmp
$ chmod +x /tmp/udpxy 

3. Run udpxy:

$ /tmp/udpxy -p 82 -M 30 -B 1Mb -a `nvram get lan_ipaddr`

4. Now check udpxy status on http://192.168.1.1:82/status.
5. Create rules:

$ iptables -I INPUT -i vlan2 -p udp -d 238.0.0.0/8 --dport 1234 -j ACCEPT
$ iptables -D INPUT -p igmp -j DROP

where 238.0.0.0/8 and 1234 -- IPTV streaming subnet and port respectively.
6. Restart router.